indexing is a vital part of database design - all fields which are regularly used for filtering/criteria or sorting should be indexed, otherwise the database will be very slow. Not too apparent on small datasets but very noticeable on large datasets - a dataset of say 1m records will take less than a second to filter if indexed and several minutes if not. Calculated fields, by their nature cannot be indexed - in table design you will see the indexing options for each field - except calculated fields and memo fields.
To understand indexing, take a look at this link
https://www.access-programmers.co.uk...d.php?t=291268