Every form, query, report, expression in controls, will break, so no easy task. I would have to test to recall what happens in a query if the table field was aliased as it's something I haven't done for a long time. Maybe somebody else will see this sooner and chime in with that answer. If queries and recordsources use the field name and not the alias then you probably could get away with that.
Can't you just leave the field name alone and change the labels on forms and reports to reflect the new name?
The more we hear silence, the more we begin to think about our value in this universe.
Paraphrase of Professor Brian Cox.